[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":152},["ShallowReactive",2],{"article-rise-of-uraltu-kingdom-zh-tw":3},{"id":4,"name":5,"keywords":4,"slug":6,"author":7,"status":4,"defaultLang":4,"ogImage":8,"ogType":9,"updateDate":10,"createDate":11,"isDeleted":4,"availableLangs":4,"i18nMeta":12,"relatedBlogs":23},null,"乌拉尔图王国兴起","rise-of-uraltu-kingdom","卜可","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770283635458_720_1765176259767_Urartian_arch_near_Van._1973.jpg","article","2026-02-05T17:27:21","2025-09-01T09:13:44",{"name":13,"h1Title":14,"title":15,"subtitle":4,"keywords":16,"content":17,"overview":4,"description":18,"ogTitle":19,"ogDescription":20,"preface":4,"note":4,"langCode":21,"updateDate":10,"createDate":11,"priority":22,"author":7},"烏拉爾圖王國興起","鷹巢要塞:烏拉爾圖王國的興起與消失的鐵血高原文明","烏拉爾圖王國興起|凡湖王國、要塞之國與亞述的百年對手","烏拉爾圖王國,亞述,凡湖王國","## 「要塞之國」 烏拉爾圖\n\n烏拉爾圖(Urartu)王國也稱\u003Cspan class=\"marker\" enus=\"Van Lake\" lon=\"43.3832\" lat=\"38.4946\" map=\"HB\" zoom=\"4\">凡湖\u003C/span>(Van)王國,是青銅時代晚期和鐵器時代早期時代,\u003Cspan class=\"marker\" enus=\"Anatolia\" lon=\"32\" lat=\"39\" map=\"HB\" zoom=\"4\">安納托利亞\u003C/span>文明的重要組成部分,在古代西亞和\u003Cspan class=\"marker\" enus=\"Armenia\" lon=\"45.0407\" lat=\"40.0706\" map=\"HB\" zoom=\"4\">亞美尼亞\u003C/span>歷史上具有不可忽視的地位。 其領土範圍與亞美尼亞高原大體對應,其核心統治區域位於凡湖(Lake Van)的東部和東北部。 現今的\u003Cspan class=\"marker\" enus=\"Turkey\" lon=\"35.2407\" lat=\"38.9573\" map=\"HB\" zoom=\"4\">土耳其\u003C/span>、\u003Cspan class=\"marker\" enus=\"Armenia\" lon=\"45.0407\" lat=\"40.0706\" map=\"HB\" zoom=\"4\">亞美尼亞\u003C/span>、伊朗等國,都將烏拉爾圖王國視為本國早期歷史的重要組成部分。\n\n「烏拉爾圖」 一詞源自亞述語,意思是 「高地」。 這個王國存續了近三個世紀(約前 9 世紀-前 6 世紀),雖然沒有留下多少文字資料,但通過周邊文化的間接記載,仍然能夠重構出這個王國的主要歷史。 儘管這些記載難免帶有偏見,因為多來自敵人,特別是亞述。 公元前 6 世紀,這個王國神秘消失了。 直到 19 世紀,依賴現代考古學的發現,以及倖存的銘文、建築和文物等,這段獨特的歷史才又一次被完整地呈現在世人面前。 我們現在知道,這是一個通過軍事力量和構建堡壘來控制領土的山地王國,堪稱 「要塞之國」;王國還在藝術領域,尤其是金屬工藝方面,展現出了令人印象深刻的創造力。\n\n\u003Cdiv class=\"img-container-article\">\n  \u003Cimg src=\"https://image.big-history.online/000211/000211_1756708733788_worldmap2.jpg\" alt=\"Babylonian Map of the World\" width=\"60%\"/>\n  \u003Cspan>\n圖片來源:\u003Ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babylonian_Map_of_the_World\" target=\"_blank\">Babylonian Map of the World\u003C/a>\n  \u003C/span>\n  \u003Cp class=\"description\">《巴比倫世界地圖》是一塊刻有「世界地圖」和兩段阿卡德語銘文的巴比倫泥板文檔,年代可追溯至公元前 9 世紀。 烏拉爾圖被標記在了這幅地圖上。\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\n烏拉爾圖**王國興起於亞述帝國強盛之時,歷史和亞述密不可分**,甚至「烏拉爾圖」這個名稱就是來自亞述人對他們的稱呼。 為了抵禦強敵的侵擾,烏拉爾圖的諸王在\u003Cspan class=\"marker\" enus=\"Van Lake\" lon=\"43.3832\" lat=\"38.4946\" map=\"HB\" zoom=\"4\">凡湖\u003C/span>周圍險要的山地之上,修築了一座座堅固的石砌城堡。 這些城堡依山而建,巨石壘砌,高墻聳立,遠遠望去,宛如鷹巢懸於絕壁,俯視著遼闊的高原河谷。 其中,\u003Cspan class=\"marker\" enus=\"Tushpa\" lon=\"43.3383\" lat=\"38.5031\" map=\"HB\" zoom=\"4\">圖什帕城\u003C/span>(Tushpa)最為有名,這裡不僅是王都,更是軍事與宗教的中心,巨大的要塞就矗立在城市旁邊的山峰之上。\n\n烏拉爾圖儘管地處高原,但土地肥沃,河流提供了充足水源,該文化因而得以繁榮。 烏拉爾圖人的農作物包括小麥、大麥、小米、黑麥、芝麻和亞麻等。 葡萄種植也很重要,該地區可能是世界上最早的葡萄酒產地之一。 另外在遺址發現的其他果實殘骸中,還包括了李子、蘋果、櫻桃和石榴等。\n\n得益於優良的山區牧場,烏拉爾圖的畜牧業十分發達,飼養放牧的牲畜有羊、山羊、牛和馬。 該地區的礦產資源也很豐富,包括金、銀、銅、鉛、鐵和錫。 赫梯帝國之後,冶鐵技術傳入該地區,培育出發達的金屬製造業。 根據亞述銘文記載,在公元前 714 年亞述對烏拉爾圖的戰爭中,亞述王薩爾貢二世就從聖城\u003Cspan class=\"marker\" enus=\"Musasir\" lon=\"46\" lat=\"36\" map=\"HB\" zoom=\"4\">穆莎什爾城\u003C/span>(Musasir)中的哈爾迪(Khaldi)神廟掠奪了大量財寶,包括:青銅共計 3600 塔蘭特(Talent,古代近東與希臘重量單位,1 塔蘭特約 26-30 千克),頭盔和盾牌共計 25212 件,長矛和矛頭共計 1514 件,劍、匕首、弓、箭、彎刀共計 305412 件,大鍋、水壺、平底鍋共計 607 件。\n\n烏拉爾圖位於亞洲與\u003Cspan class=\"marker\" enus=\"Mediterranean Sea\" lon=\"18\" lat=\"34\" map=\"HB\" zoom=\"3\">地中海\u003C/span>之間的貿易路線上,豐富的資源顯然會促進王國的繁盛,但也同樣會帶來災禍,因為周邊總有覬覦財富的入侵者,特別是亞述帝國。 所以,儘管有南北兩側山脈的保護,但防禦工事始終是必要的。\n\n## 烏拉爾圖王國的成就\n\n以首都圖什帕城為中心,密集分布的要塞網絡是烏拉爾圖王國的一大特色。 要塞通常建立在高處,其平面一般呈方形,使用石材壘砌高大的防護城牆,城牆外側設置有齒形的矮牆,要塞四角通常還有瞭望塔樓。 對烏拉爾圖人來說,要塞不僅是防禦工事,而且是一種通信設施。 當發現敵情時,要塞會升起烽火,迅速將敵情傳遞至下一個要塞,直至首都圖什帕。 入侵的亞述王薩爾貢二世(Sargon II,前722年-前705年)就曾稱讚這些要塞和烽火台:「如山頂星辰般閃爍,傳遞速度快過信使」。\n\n\u003Cdiv class=\"img-container-article\">\n  \u003Cimg src=\"https://image.big-history.online/000211/000211_1756708741113_Tushpa2.jpg\" alt=\"Tushpa要塞遗址\" />\n  \u003Cspan>\n圖片來源:\u003Ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_Fortress\" target=\"_blank\">Van Fortress\u003C/a>\n  \u003C/span>\n  \u003Cp class=\"description\">\u003Cspan class=\"marker\" enus=\"Tushpa\" lon=\"43.3383\" lat=\"38.5031\" map=\"HB\" zoom=\"4\">圖什帕城\u003C/span>(Tushpa)要塞遺址。 烏拉爾圖王國在公元前9-前7世紀建造維護的巨大石製防禦工事,是同類建築中規模最大的。 三千多年後,它仍然在高高的懸崖上巍然矗立,守衛著山下早已變成廢墟的王國首都。\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\n\u003Cdiv class=\"img-container-article\">\n  \u003Cimg src=\"https://image.big-history.online/000207/000207_1756710706472_Tushpa2.jpg\" alt=\"Tushpa 要塞遗址\" width=\"90%\"/>\n  \u003Cspan>\n圖片來源:\u003Ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tushpa\" target=\"_blank\">Tushpa\u003C/a>\n  \u003C/span>\n  \u003Cp class=\"description\">圖什帕城(Tushpa)要塞遺址。 烏拉爾圖王國在公元前9-前7世紀建造維護的巨大石製防禦工事,是同類建築中規模最大的。 三千多年後,它仍然在高高的懸崖上巍然矗立,守衛著山下早已變成廢墟的首都。\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\n\u003Cdiv class=\"img-container-article\">\n  \u003Cimg src=\"https://image.big-history.online/000211/000211_1756708747704_ruin2.jpg\" alt=\"Tushpa城废墟\" width=\"90%\"/>\n  \u003Cspan>\n圖片來源:\u003Ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tushpa\" target=\"_blank\">Tushpa\u003C/a>\n  \u003C/span>\n  \u003Cp class=\"description\">從要塞遺址俯視下方的\u003Cspan class=\"marker\" enus=\"Tushpa\" lon=\"43.3383\" lat=\"38.5031\" map=\"HB\" zoom=\"4\">圖什帕城\u003C/span>(Tushpa)廢墟。 烏拉爾圖王國建造了諸多防守要塞,要塞上設有烽火台。\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\n烏拉爾圖人善於治水,他們在高原上開鑿溝渠,引湖水灌溉農田,發展出先進的農業體系。 同時,他們掌握著高超的青銅與鐵器冶煉技術,不僅製造精良的武器與盔甲,還鑄造出大量刻有楔形文字銘文的青銅盾牌、碗器和神像等,記錄著國王的功績和對戰神哈爾迪(Khaldi)的虔誠。\n\n在梅努亞(Menua,前810年-前785年)和他的繼承人阿爾吉什提一世(Argishti I,前785年-前763年)統治期間,烏拉爾圖一度擴張至鼎盛,控制著今土耳其東部、亞美尼亞和伊朗西北的大片土地。 他們與亞述帝國長期對峙,時戰時和,成為近東格局中不可忽視的力量。\u003Cdiv class=\"img-container-article\">\n  \u003Cimg src=\"https://image.big-history.online/000211/000211_1756715020814_Menua-country2.jpg\" alt=\"KING Menua\" width=\"60%\"/>\n  \u003Cspan>\n圖片來源:\u003Ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menua\" target=\"_blank\">Menua\u003C/a>\n  \u003C/span>\n  \u003Cp class=\"description\">梅努亞(Menua,前810年-前785年)是該王國第一位設計和建造灌溉網絡的國王,極大促進了農業,尤其是葡萄種植與釀酒業的發展。 圖為梅努亞時期開鑿的塞米拉米斯運河(Semiramis)。 該運河長約 56 千米,平均寬 4.5 米,深 1.5 米,與凡湖和首都圖什帕城(Tushpa)相通,聯結了一系列水利網絡,至今仍在使用,是水利工程的傑作。\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\n\u003Cdiv class=\"img-container-article\">\n  \u003Cimg src=\"https://image.big-history.online/000211/000211_1756708753442_metal-pot2.jpg\" alt=\"金属锅\" width=\"70%\"/>\n  \u003Cspan>\n圖片來源:\u003Ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urartu\" target=\"_blank\">Urartu\u003C/a>\n  \u003C/span>\n  \u003Cp class=\"description\">烏拉爾圖時期的金屬鍋.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\n\u003Cdiv class=\"img-container-article\">\n  \u003Cimg src=\"https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.25.37/1772965762703_500px-Armenian_-_Head_of_a_Bull.jpg\" alt=\"带有翼的青铜公牛头像\" width=\"70%\"/>\n  \u003Cspan>\n圖片來源:\u003Ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urartu\" target=\"_blank\">Urartu\u003C/a>\n  \u003C/span>\n  \u003Cp class=\"description\">帶有翼的青銅公牛頭像,來自一個大鍋的把手。 來自約公元前8-7世紀的烏拉爾圖時期。\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\n\u003Cdiv class=\"img-container-article\">\n  \u003Cimg src=\"https://image.big-history.online/000211/000211_1756708766697_statue2.jpg\" alt=\"石灰岩人物雕像\" width=\"70%\"/>\n  \u003Cspan>\n圖片來源:\u003Ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urartu\" target=\"_blank\">Urartu\u003C/a>\n  \u003C/span>\n  \u003Cp class=\"description\">烏拉爾圖時期的石灰岩(神祇)人物雕像。 約公元前 800 年。\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\n\u003Cdiv class=\"img-container-article\">\n  \u003Cimg src=\"https://image.big-history.online/000211/000211_1756708774144_quiver2.jpg\" alt=\"青铜箭囊\" width=\"70%\"/>\n  \u003Cspan>\n圖片來源:\u003Ca href=\"https://www.worldhistory.org/image/8076/urartu-decorated-quiver/\" target=\"_blank\">Urartu Decorated Quiver\u003C/a>\n  \u003C/span>\n  \u003Cp class=\"description\">烏拉爾圖青銅箭囊,上面刻有國王薩爾杜里二世(Sarduri II,前763年-前735年)的名字。\u003Cspan class=\"marker\" enus=\"St.Petersburg\" lon=\"30.3141\" lat=\"59.9386\" map=\"HB\" zoom=\"4\">聖彼得堡\u003C/span>冬宮博物館。\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\n\u003Cdiv class=\"img-container-article\">\n  \u003Cimg src=\"https://image.big-history.online/000211/000211_1756714666770_coin2.jpg\" alt=\"银质徽章\" width=\"70%\"/>\n  \u003Cspan>\n圖片來源:\u003Ca href=\"https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/327409\" target=\"_blank\">Medallion with a seated deity and a male worshiper\u003C/a>\n  \u003C/span>\n  \u003Cp class=\"description\">一枚帶有金箔裝飾的銀質徽章,直徑約 6 公分,描繪寶座上的神邸和一位敬拜者。 來自約公元前 8-7 世紀的烏拉爾圖時期。 紐約大都會藝術博物館。\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\n然而,再強大的要塞也不可能永遠保護它的王國。 公元前 6 世紀初,在遊牧民族辛梅里安人和斯基泰人的衝擊下,加上內部動盪,烏拉爾圖王國逐漸瓦解,最終被新興的米底王國和後來的波斯帝國所吞併。 曾經的城堡歸於沉寂,銘文掩於塵土,但那些屹立千年的石牆,仍在高原的風中訴說著一個曾經不屈的山國傳奇。\n\n## 參考資料\n\n\n\n\u003Ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urartu\" target=\"_blank\">Urartu\u003C/a>\n\n\u003Cbr>\n\n---\n","烏拉爾圖(Urartu)是古代亞美尼亞高原上的「要塞之國」。 本文詳述其如何憑藉石砌城堡抵禦亞述帝國、領先時代的冶鐵技術以及塞米拉米斯運河等工程奇蹟。 探索這個神秘消失在公元前6世紀的高山文明。","烏拉爾圖王國興起:一個靠要塞與水利稱雄高原的山地強國","在險峻的亞美尼亞高原,烏拉爾圖人壘起巨石,修築烽火,馴服山川。 看這個被稱為「要塞之國」的古文明如何利用青銅與鐵,在亞述的陰影下創造奇蹟。","zh-tw",0.7,[24,32,40,48,56,64,72,80,88,96,104,112,120,128,136,144],{"id":25,"name":26,"keywords":4,"slug":27,"author":7,"ogImage":28,"isBlog":4,"createDate":29,"updateDate":30,"description":31},"8820943b2e914f3fbf4e0d800cdedea9","烏拉爾圖王國由盛而衰","downfall-of-uraltu-kingdom","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770283909164_720_000211_1756708741113_Tushpa2.jpg","2026-03-06T14:29:08","2026-03-06T14:29:33","烏拉爾圖王國依託亞美尼亞高原興起,與亞述長期爭霸,在提格拉特 - 帕拉沙爾三世、薩爾貢二世打擊下由盛轉衰,最終亡於米底與斯基泰人。",{"id":33,"name":34,"keywords":4,"slug":35,"author":7,"ogImage":36,"isBlog":4,"createDate":37,"updateDate":38,"description":39},"4c8d31293f804624bffefd2d1ea19c6f","新埃蘭時期與文明的消亡","neo-elamite-period","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770290418284_720_1765426853042_Assyria.jpg","2026-03-08T17:08:50","2026-03-08T17:19:43","公元前1100年至600年,新埃蘭時期見證了兩千年埃蘭文明的終結。 本文詳述亞述帝國的殘酷征服、蘇薩城的毀滅,以及波斯人如何繼承埃蘭遺產並建立阿契美尼德王朝,還原近東霸權更迭的真實史詩。",{"id":41,"name":42,"keywords":4,"slug":43,"author":7,"ogImage":44,"isBlog":4,"createDate":45,"updateDate":46,"description":47},"c95a3540107249f0915fcb3daa6a989c","亞述巴尼拔","ashurbanipal","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770290515108_720_1765955683708_Ashurbanipal2.jpg","2026-02-26T00:18:50","2026-03-12T12:57:22","亞述巴尼拔是亞述帝國最後一位強大君主,征服埃及、血洗埃蘭、建立世界最早的系統性圖書館,見證帝國從巔峰走向滅亡。",{"id":49,"name":50,"keywords":4,"slug":51,"author":7,"ogImage":52,"isBlog":4,"createDate":53,"updateDate":54,"description":55},"51b4e0f9e3524c139d87f1b1a38eb20c","提格拉特-帕拉沙爾三世","tiglath-pileser-iii","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770284171892_720_1765296079488_Tiglath-Pileser-III.jpg","2026-03-06T14:19:08","2026-03-06T14:19:40","提格拉特 - 帕拉沙爾三世結束亞述百年低迷,以軍事擴張、行省制與強制遷徙重塑帝國,征服敘利亞、以色列與巴比倫,開啟新亞述帝國巔峰。",{"id":57,"name":58,"keywords":4,"slug":59,"author":7,"ogImage":60,"isBlog":4,"createDate":61,"updateDate":62,"description":63},"f8304c66f2b045f7a815f7ea2099a720","亞述帝國滅亡","fall-of-the-assyrian-empire","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770290720458_720_1765958465332_assyrian-sculpture2.jpg","2026-03-06T20:52:27","2026-03-06T20:52:56","亞述巴尼拔死後,帝國迅速衰落,米底與新巴比倫聯軍攻破尼尼微,屠城焚都,盛極一時的亞述帝國徹底滅亡,開啟近東新格局。",{"id":65,"name":66,"keywords":4,"slug":67,"author":7,"ogImage":68,"isBlog":4,"createDate":69,"updateDate":70,"description":71},"9f11da900d9848398368d30d24938f22","以撒哈頓","esarhaddon","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770290469728_720_1766043729754_Esarhaddon.jpg","2026-03-06T20:45:18","2026-03-06T20:45:53","以撒哈頓平定王位內亂,重建被父親焚毀的巴比倫城,擊敗遊牧民族,征服埃及,將亞述帝國推向版圖與國力的巔峰。",{"id":73,"name":74,"keywords":4,"slug":75,"author":7,"ogImage":76,"isBlog":4,"createDate":77,"updateDate":78,"description":79},"a291a35272134469a0e52c33bd90430d","西拿基立","sennacherib","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770290298209_720_000208_1756711796420_Shalmaneser2.jpg","2026-03-06T20:31:26","2026-03-06T20:32:05","西拿基立平定巴比倫叛亂,攻陷拉吉什、圍攻耶路撒冷,跨海遠征埃蘭,最終因焚毀巴比倫、褻瀆神祇而遭兒子弒殺,走向悲劇結局。",{"id":81,"name":82,"keywords":4,"slug":83,"author":7,"ogImage":84,"isBlog":4,"createDate":85,"updateDate":86,"description":87},"25ba976e4a84473b9de6275248fa4e61","亞述滅亡以色列王國","assyrian-conquest-of-kingdom-of-israel","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770290212077_720_000199_1719298485539.jpg","2026-03-06T22:15:17","2026-03-06T22:15:33","以色列王國因內亂衰敗,末代王何細亞聯埃反亞述被識破,薩爾貢二世攻破撒瑪利亞,流放 2.7 萬以色列人,造就 「遺失的十個部落」 之謎。",{"id":89,"name":90,"keywords":4,"slug":91,"author":7,"ogImage":92,"isBlog":4,"createDate":93,"updateDate":94,"description":95},"6f160e044d9746719e46813a9a720117","薩爾貢二世","sargon-ii","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770290188197_720_1765381393252_Sargon_II_Iraq_Museum.jpg","2026-03-06T15:35:46","2026-03-06T15:36:13","薩爾貢二世篡權登基,攻破撒瑪利亞滅亡北國以色列,擊敗烏拉爾圖、征服巴比倫,建杜爾沙魯金新都,將新亞述帝國推向巔峰。",{"id":97,"name":98,"keywords":4,"slug":99,"author":7,"ogImage":100,"isBlog":4,"createDate":101,"updateDate":102,"description":103},"f333b8c658284bbe972044ceb1050132","亞述「女王」薩穆-阿瑪特","sammu-ramat","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770283677165_720_1766136016849_semiramis.jpg","2026-03-06T16:58:24","2026-03-06T16:59:01","薩穆 - 阿瑪特是沙姆什 - 阿達德五世王后、阿達德尼拉里三世攝政太后,穩定叛亂後的亞述,成為希臘神話塞米勒米斯女王的真實原型。",{"id":105,"name":106,"keywords":4,"slug":107,"author":7,"ogImage":108,"isBlog":4,"createDate":109,"updateDate":110,"description":111},"a52b682c703e40d486cc8e53d5ceaf9d","薩爾瑪那薩爾三世","shalmaneser-iii","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770283552160_720_000198_1719297007970.jpg","2026-03-06T16:39:29","2026-03-06T16:39:54","薩爾瑪那薩爾三世建立亞述首支常備軍與騎兵,發動卡爾卡爾戰役,迫使以色列王耶戶稱臣,晚年因儲位之爭引發內亂,開啟亞述百年低迷。",{"id":113,"name":114,"keywords":4,"slug":115,"author":7,"ogImage":116,"isBlog":4,"createDate":117,"updateDate":118,"description":119},"f47d08d0746749e5aea8e5d9782a912f","亞述那西爾帕二世","ashurnasirpal-ii","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770283512693_720_1764649387343_Ashurnasirpal_II.jpg","2026-03-06T16:13:52","2026-03-06T16:14:27","亞述那西爾帕二世重建亞述霸權,定都迦拉(尼姆魯德),西征至地中海,以殘暴威懾四方,開啟新亞述帝國擴張之路。",{"id":121,"name":122,"keywords":4,"slug":123,"author":7,"ogImage":124,"isBlog":4,"createDate":125,"updateDate":126,"description":127},"3524f33073f74ca791a2a0a0ff9f05a7","新亞述時期-帝國的崛起","rise-of-neo-assyrian-empire","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770283423294_720_1765171787724_Chaos_Monster_and_Sun_God.jpg","2026-03-06T13:56:10","2026-03-06T13:56:41","新亞述從強國走向帝國,提格拉特 - 帕拉沙爾三世開啟帝國時代,以鐵血軍事征服兩河流域、敘利亞與埃及,成為近東霸主。",{"id":129,"name":130,"keywords":4,"slug":131,"author":7,"ogImage":132,"isBlog":4,"createDate":133,"updateDate":134,"description":135},"56cb3572d0204baca29ad9a49ba0ba43","中亞述的第二次擴張","tiglath-pileser-i","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770283141726_720_000185_1719457481669.jpg","2026-03-06T12:49:29","2026-03-06T12:50:00","提格拉特 - 帕拉沙爾一世帶領中亞述再度擴張,西征地中海、東敗埃蘭、南征巴比倫,卻在其死後迅速退回核心區。",{"id":137,"name":138,"keywords":4,"slug":139,"author":7,"ogImage":140,"isBlog":4,"createDate":141,"updateDate":142,"description":143},"90ea45dba4aa49178779c487004c272f","蟄伏期的巴比倫","babylon-assyrian-period","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770283020766_720_1765021165321_nebuchadnezzar-1.jpg","2026-03-06T10:37:40","2026-03-06T10:38:14","青銅時代後,巴比倫歷經多個短命王朝,從尼布甲尼撒一世的短暫輝煌到淪為亞述附庸,解讀其蟄伏期的興衰與時代背景。\n",{"id":145,"name":146,"keywords":4,"slug":147,"author":7,"ogImage":148,"isBlog":4,"createDate":149,"updateDate":150,"description":151},"a262f5ad066f49f7b8214176ae282a63","圖庫爾蒂-尼努爾塔一世","tukulti-ninurta-i","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770282869066_720_1765000072741_Tukulti-Ninurta-I.jpg","2026-03-06T10:19:33","2026-03-06T10:24:46","圖庫爾蒂 - 尼努爾塔一世將中亞述推向鼎盛,征服巴比倫、重創赫梯,卻死於宮廷內亂,亞述隨即陷入沉寂。\n",1779891379783]