[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":146},["ShallowReactive",2],{"article-earliest-modern-humans-outside-africa-en":3},{"id":4,"name":5,"keywords":4,"slug":6,"author":7,"status":4,"defaultLang":4,"ogImage":8,"ogType":9,"updateDate":10,"createDate":11,"isDeleted":4,"availableLangs":4,"i18nMeta":12,"relatedBlogs":23},null,"非洲以外最早的现代人","earliest-modern-humans-outside-africa","卜可","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770276488308_720_1760335068948_Misliya.jpg","article","2026-02-05T15:28:15","2025-09-27T15:23:27",{"name":13,"h1Title":14,"title":15,"subtitle":4,"keywords":16,"content":17,"overview":4,"description":18,"ogTitle":19,"ogDescription":20,"preface":4,"note":4,"langCode":21,"updateDate":10,"createDate":11,"priority":22,"author":7},"The earliest modern humans outside Africa","The earliest modern humans outside Africa and key evidence","The earliest modern humans outside Africa | Time out of Africa and key fossil evidence","EarliestmodernmanoutsideAfrica,Modernman,CavzeCaves,Prehistory","## The earliest modern man outside Africa\n\nHumans first came out of Africa about 1.8 million years ago or earlier, but the first ancient humans to leave Africa belonged to Homo erectus. They are collateral (cousins) with modern humans, not on the same evolutionary backbone, not at different stages in the linear evolution process.\n\nThe earliest anatomically modern humans outside Africa date back at least 120000 years, with some key direct evidence unearthed in \u003Cspan class=\"marker\" enus=\"Israel\" lon=\"34.8516\" lat=\"31.0461\" map=\"HB\" zoom=\"4\">Israel\u003C/span> today. This is the main transportation route connecting Africa and West Asia. It has become the only way for human migration many times in history. It is not surprising that a large number of early human remains are preserved. One of the most famous archaeological sites is the \u003Cspan class=\"marker\" enus=\"Qafzeh Cave\" lon=\"35.3163\" lat=\"32.6859\" map=\"HB\" zoom=\"4\">Qafzeh cave\u003C/span> (Qafzeh), where at least 15 Homo sapiens (modern man) remains have been found, as well as 71 ochre and ochre-stained stone tools. Ochre is found near bones, suggesting that it may have been used for some ritual activity. These remains have been dated to about 100000 to 90000 years ago, coexisting with Neanderthals.\n\nThis discovery means that * * modern people came out of Africa much earlier than 50000 years ago *.\n\n\u003Cdiv class=\"img-container-article\">\n\u003Cimg src=\"https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.25.26/1760334878778_Qafzeh_Cave.png\" alt=\"Qafzeh_Cave\" width=\"60%\"/>\n\u003Cspan>\nImage source: \u003Ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qafzeh_Cave\" target=\"_blank\">\u003C/a>\n\u003C/span>\n\u003Cp class=\"description\">the entrance to the \u003Cspan class=\"marker\" enus=\"Qafzeh Cave\" lon=\"35.3163\" lat=\"32.6859\" map=\"HB\" zoom=\"4\">Qafzeh cave\u003C/span>. Excavations on the site began in 1932, and the cave was bombed in 1936 during the British suppression of the Arab uprising; archaeological work was not restarted until 1965. The bones, isolated bones and teeth found in the cave belong to at least 28 people and are about 100000 to 90000 years old. Although the excavation began in 1933, until 1989, the academic circles still generally believed that the age of these remains was only about 50000 years old.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\n\u003Cdiv class=\"img-container-article\">\n\u003Cimg src=\"https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.25.26/1760334994140_Qafzeh_Cave-32.jpg\" alt=\"Qafzeh_Cave\" width=\"80%\"/>\n\u003Cspan>\nImage source: \u003Ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qafzeh_Cave\" target=\"_blank\">wikipedia\u003C/a>\n\u003C/span>\n\u003Cp class=\"description\">almost complete remains of the skull of Qafzeh 9, belonging to a young male dated about 92000 years ago.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\n**The earliest time that modern people came out of Africa has probably been rewritten**. Since 2018, paleoanthropologists have discovered modern human fossils that may be more than 180000 years ago in the Misria Cave (Misliya) in Israel and the \u003Cspan class=\"marker\" enus=\"Apidima\" lon=\"22.3624\" lat=\"36.6626\" map=\"HB\" zoom=\"4\">Apidima Cave\u003C/span> (Apidima) in Greece. Although these early humans did not immediately spread to the world.\n\n\u003Cdiv class=\"img-container-article\">\n\u003Cimg src=\"https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.25.26/1760335068948_Misliya.png\" alt=\"Misliya 发现的上颌骨化石\" />\n\u003Cspan>\nSource: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cas.cn/kj/201801/t20180129_4634013.shtml\" target=\"_blank\">www.cas.cn\u003C/a>\n\u003C/span>\n\u003Cp class=\"description\">fossilized maxilla and tooth found in the \u003Cspan class=\"marker\" enus=\"Misliya Cave\" lon=\"34.9708\" lat=\"32.742\" map=\"HB\" zoom=\"4\">Misraya cave\u003C/span> in Israel (Misliya), it was initially thought that the remains may belong to early modern humans 150000 years ago. However, in January 2018, the fossil was accurately dated from 194000 to 177000 years ago (95% confidence interval), making it the earliest known fossil evidence of modern humans outside Africa as of 2018. The earliest modern fossil outside Africa was about 120000-90000 years ago, and this fossil pushed the time when modern people first came out of Africa about 55000 years ago.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\n\u003Cbr>\n\n---","Where are the earliest modern fossils outside Africa and how many years ago? This article introduces key sites such as Kafze and Misria, and combs the real timeline of modern people coming out of Africa.\n","The earliest modern humans outside Africa: It turns out we're out of Africa so early","It used to be thought that humans only came out of Africa 50000 years ago, but now fossils from Israel and Greece show that the earliest modern humans outside Africa may have appeared as early as nearly 200000 years ago.\n","en",0.7,[24,32,40,47,55,63,71,78,85,93,100,107,115,123,131,139],{"id":25,"name":26,"keywords":4,"slug":27,"author":7,"ogImage":28,"isBlog":4,"createDate":29,"updateDate":30,"description":31},"15e0df576bbc43d88d2498755e8f8c87","Late Paleolithic Revolution","upper-paleolithic-revolution","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770276687125_720_1760335975390_Palm2.jpg","2026-02-25T20:16:43","2026-02-28T16:28:26","About 50000 years ago, our race experienced something very special: just as Athena in Greek mythology injected soul into mankind, mankind suddenly possessed unprecedented figurative artistic creativity. This event, known as the \"Late Paleolithic Revolution\", is a watershed in the history of human evolution.",{"id":33,"name":34,"keywords":4,"slug":35,"author":7,"ogImage":36,"isBlog":4,"createDate":37,"updateDate":38,"description":39},"37fb4d2375284b3a9b4176a9419a9ced","Orina Culture","aurignacian-culture","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770276727955_720_1760411643106_rhinos-chauvet-cave.jpg","2026-02-27T11:05:34","2026-03-04T22:19:11","What is Aorina culture? Age, distribution, tools, murals and sculptures (Chauvius Caves, Lions, Hochler Fellows Venus).",{"id":41,"name":42,"keywords":4,"slug":43,"author":7,"ogImage":44,"isBlog":4,"createDate":45,"updateDate":45,"description":46},"a6ba6edf177e46d1a6a29093808c3d50","The emergence of metal products in the Americas","earliest-metal-artifacts-in-peru-appeared","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770277962517_720_1764053945703_Jiska2002.jpg","2026-03-05T14:18:52","Around 2000 BC, the earliest metal products in the Americas appeared in Peru, mainly gold and copper ornaments, with gold necklaces from Jiskairumoko ruins as key evidence. At the same time, the Maya entered the early pre-classical period.",{"id":48,"name":49,"keywords":4,"slug":50,"author":7,"ogImage":51,"isBlog":4,"createDate":52,"updateDate":53,"description":54},"78c2c5b3365e4a22a305d08771815f1c","Genus","homo","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770175703118_1764295418266_Homo_ergaster_American_Museum_of_Natural_History.jpg","2024-01-04T09:47:05","2026-03-12T10:23:51","\"Human\" is only a term in the traditional sense, and from a genealogical point of view, it is very imprecise. In a narrow sense, human beings refer to all the people who have existed in history so far. However, human beings in biological taxonomy refer to \"human genus\", or \"true genus\". There are 17 known species, and modern people are only one of them.",{"id":56,"name":57,"keywords":4,"slug":58,"author":7,"ogImage":59,"isBlog":4,"createDate":60,"updateDate":61,"description":62},"650fb920a825478aba09b4410abf55ab","Recent common ancestor based on chromosomes 1-22","most-recent-common-ancestor-chromosome","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770276375616_720_1761526548499_Chromosomal-fragment-recombination.jpg","2026-02-26T22:20:53","2026-02-26T22:21:27","Interpreting the recent common ancestor of human autosomes 1-22 from a genomic perspective, explaining DNA recombination, mutation and ancestral fragment inheritance, and popularizing the common ancestor time in the sense of human genetics.",{"id":64,"name":65,"keywords":4,"slug":66,"author":7,"ogImage":67,"isBlog":4,"createDate":68,"updateDate":69,"description":70},"3430c1759ae64ef28ee275be703e3ff7","Marta-Bret culture","malta-buret-culture","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770276830881_720_1761535507344_Princess_of_Xiaohe2.jpg","2026-02-27T20:07:01","2026-03-04T22:12:43","What is the Marta-Brett culture? Who were the ancient northern Eurasian people (ANE)? This article explains this 24000-year-old Siberian culture, its genetic contributions, and its relationship with the Little River Princess.",{"id":72,"name":73,"keywords":4,"slug":74,"author":7,"ogImage":75,"isBlog":4,"createDate":76,"updateDate":53,"description":77},"23d76e12c94e41c1859cb32f2488d014","The Evolution of Modern Man","divergence-neanderthals-denisovans-homo-sapiens","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770276305930_720_000124_1704330139624.jpg","2023-11-23T15:49:40","770000 to 550000 years ago, the ancestors of modern humans diverged from those of Neanderthals and Denisovans, but there was no complete \"reproductive isolation\" between the three subspecies \". In fact, from a genetic point of view, they are just a \"weaker\" ancestor of modern people tens of thousands of years ago. Every modern person has more or less their genes in his body.",{"id":79,"name":80,"keywords":4,"slug":81,"author":7,"ogImage":82,"isBlog":4,"createDate":83,"updateDate":53,"description":84},"02dc8cb3fb8a4f41a87671463267f5e8","Denisovans mixed with modern people","hybridization-between-denisovans-and-modern-humans","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770276654946_720_000124_1704329927656.jpg","2023-11-24T14:20:52","Denisovans are an ancient human species discovered through DNA analysis. They coexisted with Neanderthals and modern humans and interbred with both. This paper provides a detailed analysis of gene flow, the EPAS1 gene on the Tibetan Plateau, the Xiahe mandible, and the distribution of ancestral components across global populations.\n",{"id":86,"name":87,"keywords":4,"slug":88,"author":7,"ogImage":89,"isBlog":4,"createDate":90,"updateDate":91,"description":92},"56d7cb86a53c4401aeeff2c9fd93f6b5","Gravitt Culture","gravettian-culture","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770276753186_720_1762675867705_Venus_of_Brassempouy.jpg","2026-02-27T13:38:11","2026-03-04T22:21:42","What is Gravitt culture? Age, tools, Venus statues, Songgil tombs, Dorny Vestonietzsche ruins, one article to understand the glorious culture of European prehistory.\n",{"id":94,"name":95,"keywords":4,"slug":96,"author":7,"ogImage":97,"isBlog":4,"createDate":98,"updateDate":98,"description":99},"67bdd9ec9ed94af1a05060ee9b536525","Jōmon culture","jomon-culture","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1779869915894_jomon-culture.jpg","2026-05-27T22:08:32","The Jōmon Culture is the longest-lasting prehistoric culture in the Japanese archipelago, renowned for its cord-marked pottery, flame-patterned ceramics, and enigmatic clay figurines. This article provides a systematic overview of Jōmon culture, covering its chronological framework, social organization, artistic traditions, the origins of the Jōmon people, and their relationship to modern Japanese.",{"id":101,"name":102,"keywords":4,"slug":103,"author":7,"ogImage":104,"isBlog":4,"createDate":105,"updateDate":105,"description":106},"4c5c07a38ee646688b1917110cb09598","Chengtoushan, China’s earliest city","earliest-citie-in-china","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770277030867_720_000124_1711414904136.jpg","2026-02-28T01:05:28","The ancient city of Chengtou Mountain, about 6300 years ago, is the earliest known city in China and belongs to the Daxi culture. This article describes the archaeological discoveries of its age, city walls, rice farming, houses and tombs.",{"id":108,"name":109,"keywords":4,"slug":110,"author":7,"ogImage":111,"isBlog":4,"createDate":112,"updateDate":113,"description":114},"6964d3585c484e9992c13df47ab89f63","The earliest copper ore experiment","earliest-metallurgical-experiments","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770277004934_720_1762739010884_Diyarbakır32.jpg","2026-02-28T00:54:22","2026-03-04T22:24:03","When did the earliest human metallurgical experiments begin? How did malachite, fire and pottery technology lead to copper smelting? This article introduces the technological revolution from copper ore to the Bronze Age.\n",{"id":116,"name":117,"keywords":4,"slug":118,"author":7,"ogImage":119,"isBlog":4,"createDate":120,"updateDate":121,"description":122},"ab79c75d543241bab8ca314d00c981c0","Jericho, the first walled city in human history.","jericho-first-city-with-wall","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770276977877_720_1762316667873_Jericho52.jpg","2026-02-28T00:34:28","2026-02-28T00:37:54","Jericho is the world's earliest walled city, more than ten thousand years ago. This paper systematically introduces the archaeological truth of the Talsudan site, the former pottery neolithic culture, the stone tower, the city wall and the biblical story.",{"id":124,"name":125,"keywords":4,"slug":126,"author":7,"ogImage":127,"isBlog":4,"createDate":128,"updateDate":129,"description":130},"634c89277e8b44548fdd77457621def0","Gobekli Tepe","gobekli-tepe","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770276927213_720_1761552687193_Bobekli_Tepe62.jpg","2026-02-27T21:36:46","2026-03-04T22:22:19","What is Göbekli Tepe? Its dating, structure, carvings, builders, and significance. This article introduces the oldest large-scale religious site, predating the pyramids and overturning our understanding of human prehistory.",{"id":132,"name":133,"keywords":4,"slug":134,"author":7,"ogImage":135,"isBlog":4,"createDate":136,"updateDate":137,"description":138},"4f7f68664ec94053856b5cb629a4be94","Domestication of dogs","domestication-of-dogs","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770276806239_720_1761533583097_Domestication_of_the_dog52.jpg","2026-02-27T19:32:55","2026-03-04T22:16:03","Dog is the first animal domesticated by human beings. What kind of process did it go through from gray wolf to domestic dog? When and where did it originate? This paper systematically explains the domestication history, archaeological evidence and genetic truth of dog.",{"id":140,"name":141,"keywords":4,"slug":142,"author":7,"ogImage":143,"isBlog":4,"createDate":144,"updateDate":144,"description":145},"cb82ee0915fa4a8b8b6db69cb750d76e","The MRCA of modern humans","most-recent-common-ancestor-of-modern-humans","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770276783618_720_1761530294216_The-origin-of-humans32.jpg","2026-02-27T19:08:16","What is the most recent common ancestor (MRCA) of modern humans? How is it different from Mitochondrial Eve and Y-chromosome Adam? This article uses popular logic to explain the mystery of the common ancestor of all mankind.",1780647325987]