[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":142},["ShallowReactive",2],{"article-anatomically-modern-humans-en":3},{"id":4,"name":5,"keywords":4,"slug":6,"author":7,"status":4,"defaultLang":4,"ogImage":8,"ogType":9,"updateDate":10,"createDate":11,"isDeleted":4,"availableLangs":4,"i18nMeta":12,"relatedBlogs":22},null,"解剖学意义上的现代人","anatomically-modern-humans","卜可","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770276414249_720_1762690305711_Anatomically-modern-humans.jpg","article","2026-02-05T15:27:08","2025-09-27T23:42:15",{"name":13,"h1Title":13,"title":14,"subtitle":4,"keywords":15,"content":16,"overview":4,"description":17,"ogTitle":18,"ogDescription":19,"preface":4,"note":4,"langCode":20,"updateDate":10,"createDate":11,"priority":21,"author":7},"Modern man in the sense of anatomy","Anatomically Modern Man | Definitions, Fossil Evidence and African Origins","Anatomicallymodernman,Homosapiens,modernman,theoriginofman","## Anatomically modern man\n\n\"Anatomically modern humans\" (Anatomically modern humans, or late Homo sapiens) refer to early modern human groups that are basically consistent with today's humans in body structure; the differences in their appearance characteristics are basically within the normal range of variation between different geographic groups today. Or, to put it more colloquially, forensic doctors handle anatomically modern human remains with little apparent abnormality. Therefore,**this node can also be regarded as the starting point for the official appearance of modern humans on Earth**.\n\nAccording to current fossil and genetic evidence, the key stage of the evolution of anatomically modern humans occurred in Africa about 300000 to 200000 years ago. They gradually have the typical anatomical characteristics of modern humans, such as a large brain volume (about 1300-1400 ml on average), a round skull, a high forehead, a weak brow ridge, a clear chin (bulge), a slender bone, and a body ratio that adapts to upright walking and complex activities. From a morphological statistical point of view, these characteristics can be clearly different from earlier ancient humans, such as Homo erectus, Heidelberg and Neanderthals.\n\nAt present (2023) the most important relevant fossils include at least:\n\n\u003Cspan class=\"marker\" enus=\"Jebel Irhoud Site\" lon=\"-8.8702\" lat=\"31.853\" map=\"HB\" zoom=\"6\">Jebel Irhoud\u003C/span>, from Morocco, dated about 300000 years ago, has taken on the facial features of early modern humans\n\nFossils from the \u003Cspan class=\"marker\" enus=\"Omo Kibish Site\" lon=\"35.9669\" lat=\"4.8002\" map=\"HB\" zoom=\"6\">Omo Kibish\u003C/span> and \u003Cspan class=\"marker\" enus=\"Herto Site\" lon=\"40.5\" lat=\"10\" map=\"HB\" zoom=\"4\">Herto sites\u003C/span> in \u003Cspan class=\"marker\" enus=\"Ethiopia\" lon=\"40.4989\" lat=\"9.14917\" map=\"HB\" zoom=\"3\">Ethiopia\u003C/span>, about 195000 to 160000 years old, are very close to modern humans.\n\nAll of this fossil evidence was unearthed in Africa. Comprehensive research shows that * * the origin of modern humans is a process of gradual evolution in multiple regions of Africa, rather than a sudden appearance in a certain location * *. This also provides a basis for mutual dialogue and complementary integration of the two major hypotheses of the origin of modern man-the \"late near African origin theory\" and the \"multi-independent origin theory.\n\nSince then, about 70000 to 50000 years ago, these early modern people came out of Africa on a large scale, gradually spread to Eurasia, Australia and the Americas, and finally replaced or had a small amount of gene exchange with local ancient humans, becoming the only human species that has survived in the world.\n\n\u003Cdiv class=\"img-container-article\">\n\u003Cimg src=\"https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.25.27/1762136150722_Early_modern_human2.jpg\" alt=\"Early_modern_human\" width=\"60%\"/>\n\u003Cspan>\nImage source: \u003Ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Early_modern_human\" target=\"_blank\">wikipedia\u003C/a>\n\u003C/span>\n\u003Cp class=\"description\">Early modern human restoration unearthed in \u003Cspan class=\"marker\" enus=\"Jebel Irhoud Site\" lon=\"-8.8702\" lat=\"31.853\" map=\"HB\" zoom=\"6\">Jebel Iro\u003C/span>, Morocco. The relevant remains are about 315000 years old and may originate from Heidelberg people or a similar lineage. In September 2019, scientists reconstructed the virtual skull of the remains based on data from 260 CT scans, thus reproducing its shape and appearance.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\n\u003Cdiv class=\"img-container-article\">\n\u003Cimg src=\"https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.25.27/1762136250875_Omo_remains2.jpg\" alt=\"Omo_remains\" width=\"60%\"/>\n\u003Cspan>\nImage source: \u003Ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omo_remains\" target=\"_blank\">wikipedia\u003C/a>\n\u003C/span>\n\u003Cp class=\"description\">Omo remains are a series of ancient human remains found at the \u003Cspan class=\"marker\" enus=\"Omo Kibish Site\" lon=\"35.9669\" lat=\"4.8002\" map=\"HB\" zoom=\"6\">Omo Kibish site\u003C/span> (Omo Kibish) in southwestern \u003Cspan class=\"marker\" enus=\"Ethiopia\" lon=\"40.4989\" lat=\"9.14917\" map=\"HB\" zoom=\"3\">Ethiopia\u003C/span> between 1967 and 1974. Two of the specimens, Omo I and Omo II, are classified as anatomically modern humans and are dated 195000-160000 years ago. There are differences in morphological characteristics between the two, and Omo I presents more typical modern characteristics.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\n\u003Cdiv class=\"img-container-article\">\n\u003Cimg src=\"https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.25.27/1762136331481_Omo_Kibish_Formation2.jpg\" alt=\"Omo_Kibish_Formation\" width=\"80%\"/>\n\u003Cspan>\nSource:<a href = \"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omo_Kibish_Formation\n\"target=\"_blank\">wikipedia \u003C/a>\n\u003C/span>\n\u003Cp class=\"description\">(Omo Kibish), the \u003Cspan class=\"marker\" enus=\"Omo Kibish Site\" lon=\"35.9669\" lat=\"4.8002\" map=\"HB\" zoom=\"6\">Omokibish site\u003C/span>, 190000 years ago, the direct ancestors of modern people lived here.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\n\u003Cdiv class=\"img-container-article\">\n\u003Cimg src=\"https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.25.27/1762136389941_Herto_Man.png\" alt=\"Herto_Man\" width=\"80%\"/>\n\u003Cspan>\nImage source: \u003Ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herto_Man\" target=\"_blank\">wikipedia\u003C/a>\n\u003C/span>\n\u003Cp class=\"description\">modern human remains found at the \u003Cspan class=\"marker\" enus=\"Herto Site\" lon=\"40.5\" lat=\"10\" map=\"HB\" zoom=\"4\">Herto Site\u003C/span> in \u003Cspan class=\"marker\" enus=\"Ethiopia\" lon=\"40.4989\" lat=\"9.14917\" map=\"HB\" zoom=\"3\">Ethiopia\u003C/span> in 1997. The age of these remains was determined to be between 160000 and 154000 years ago. The Hutto discovery was significant at the time, filling in a long gap in the modern man's fossil record between 300000 and 100000 years ago.\u003C/p>\n\u003C/div>\n\n## References\n\n\n\n《人类起源的故事 : 我们是谁，我们从哪里来》 大卫·赖克；叶凯雄 胡正飞[译]；浙江人民出版社 2019-06\n\n\u003Ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Early_modern_human\" target=\"_blank\">Early modern human\u003C/a>\n\n\u003Ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herto_Man\" target=\"_blank\">Herto man\u003C/a>\n\n\u003Ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_evolution\" target=\"_blank\">Human evolution\u003C/a>\n\n\u003Ca href=\"https://www.science.org/content/article/world-s-oldest-homo-sapiens-fossils-found-morocco\" target=\"_blank\">World's oldest Homo sapiens fossils found in Morocco\u003C/a>\n\n\u003Cbr>\n\n---\n","What is modern man in the sense of anatomy? This paper systematically introduces the origin and characteristics of late Homo sapiens from the definition, key fossils (Jebel Iro, Omo, Herto), age and evolutionary diffusion.\n","Modern people in the sense of interpretation are the real starting point for us to appear in this world.","300000 to 200000 years ago, the real \"modern man\" appeared in Africa. From brain volume, skull morphology to walking out of Africa, one article understands modern man in the sense of anatomy.","en",0.7,[23,31,39,46,53,61,68,76,83,90,97,105,113,121,128,135],{"id":24,"name":25,"keywords":4,"slug":26,"author":7,"ogImage":27,"isBlog":4,"createDate":28,"updateDate":29,"description":30},"78c2c5b3365e4a22a305d08771815f1c","Genus","homo","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770175703118_1764295418266_Homo_ergaster_American_Museum_of_Natural_History.jpg","2024-01-04T09:47:05","2026-03-12T10:23:51","\"Human\" is only a term in the traditional sense, and from a genealogical point of view, it is very imprecise. In a narrow sense, human beings refer to all the people who have existed in history so far. However, human beings in biological taxonomy refer to \"human genus\", or \"true genus\". There are 17 known species, and modern people are only one of them.",{"id":32,"name":33,"keywords":4,"slug":34,"author":7,"ogImage":35,"isBlog":4,"createDate":36,"updateDate":37,"description":38},"650fb920a825478aba09b4410abf55ab","Recent common ancestor based on chromosomes 1-22","most-recent-common-ancestor-chromosome","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770276375616_720_1761526548499_Chromosomal-fragment-recombination.jpg","2026-02-26T22:20:53","2026-02-26T22:21:27","Interpreting the recent common ancestor of human autosomes 1-22 from a genomic perspective, explaining DNA recombination, mutation and ancestral fragment inheritance, and popularizing the common ancestor time in the sense of human genetics.",{"id":40,"name":41,"keywords":4,"slug":42,"author":7,"ogImage":43,"isBlog":4,"createDate":44,"updateDate":29,"description":45},"23d76e12c94e41c1859cb32f2488d014","The Evolution of Modern Man","divergence-neanderthals-denisovans-homo-sapiens","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770276305930_720_000124_1704330139624.jpg","2023-11-23T15:49:40","770000 to 550000 years ago, the ancestors of modern humans diverged from those of Neanderthals and Denisovans, but there was no complete \"reproductive isolation\" between the three subspecies \". In fact, from a genetic point of view, they are just a \"weaker\" ancestor of modern people tens of thousands of years ago. Every modern person has more or less their genes in his body.",{"id":47,"name":48,"keywords":4,"slug":49,"author":7,"ogImage":50,"isBlog":4,"createDate":51,"updateDate":51,"description":52},"cb82ee0915fa4a8b8b6db69cb750d76e","The MRCA of modern humans","most-recent-common-ancestor-of-modern-humans","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770276783618_720_1761530294216_The-origin-of-humans32.jpg","2026-02-27T19:08:16","What is the most recent common ancestor (MRCA) of modern humans? How is it different from Mitochondrial Eve and Y-chromosome Adam? This article uses popular logic to explain the mystery of the common ancestor of all mankind.",{"id":54,"name":55,"keywords":4,"slug":56,"author":7,"ogImage":57,"isBlog":4,"createDate":58,"updateDate":59,"description":60},"15e0df576bbc43d88d2498755e8f8c87","Late Paleolithic Revolution","upper-paleolithic-revolution","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770276687125_720_1760335975390_Palm2.jpg","2026-02-25T20:16:43","2026-02-28T16:28:26","About 50000 years ago, our race experienced something very special: just as Athena in Greek mythology injected soul into mankind, mankind suddenly possessed unprecedented figurative artistic creativity. This event, known as the \"Late Paleolithic Revolution\", is a watershed in the history of human evolution.",{"id":62,"name":63,"keywords":4,"slug":64,"author":7,"ogImage":65,"isBlog":4,"createDate":66,"updateDate":29,"description":67},"02dc8cb3fb8a4f41a87671463267f5e8","Denisovans mixed with modern people","hybridization-between-denisovans-and-modern-humans","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770276654946_720_000124_1704329927656.jpg","2023-11-24T14:20:52","Denisovans are an ancient human species discovered through DNA analysis. They coexisted with Neanderthals and modern humans and interbred with both. This paper provides a detailed analysis of gene flow, the EPAS1 gene on the Tibetan Plateau, the Xiahe mandible, and the distribution of ancestral components across global populations.\n",{"id":69,"name":70,"keywords":4,"slug":71,"author":7,"ogImage":72,"isBlog":4,"createDate":73,"updateDate":74,"description":75},"37fb4d2375284b3a9b4176a9419a9ced","Orina Culture","aurignacian-culture","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770276727955_720_1760411643106_rhinos-chauvet-cave.jpg","2026-02-27T11:05:34","2026-03-04T22:19:11","What is Aorina culture? Age, distribution, tools, murals and sculptures (Chauvius Caves, Lions, Hochler Fellows Venus).",{"id":77,"name":78,"keywords":4,"slug":79,"author":7,"ogImage":80,"isBlog":4,"createDate":81,"updateDate":81,"description":82},"50a46bc8b7d14f758e786476d8dc5b91","Chartres-Péronne culture","chatelperronian-culture","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1778835524454_chatelperron32.jpg","2026-05-15T16:43:38","Exploring the Châtelperronian culture of the Upper Paleolithic. As the final cultural testament to the Neanderthals, it illuminates the enigmatic history of two human species—Neanderthals and anatomically modern humans—whose paths converged, competed, and ultimately交融ed in Europe, as evidenced by the points and bone tools from the Fairy Cave site.",{"id":84,"name":85,"keywords":4,"slug":86,"author":7,"ogImage":87,"isBlog":4,"createDate":88,"updateDate":29,"description":89},"dc3c57ca41ee45f8858842605c3045e6","The Hobbit Extinction","extinction-of-hobbits","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770276601930_720_1761974884022_Homo_floresiensis_cave.jpg","2023-11-23T16:27:59","Who were the Flores (Hobbits)? Why were they short? When did they become extinct? This article describes the fossils, evolution and extinction of this mysterious dwarf human.\n",{"id":91,"name":92,"keywords":4,"slug":93,"author":7,"ogImage":94,"isBlog":4,"createDate":95,"updateDate":95,"description":96},"39e78b8f996c4a5e9db08680a5679edb","Neanderthals mixed with modern humans","hybridization-between-neanderthals-and-modern-humans","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770276568618_720_1762762802424_hybridization-between-neanderthals-and-modern-humans.jpg","2026-02-27T10:39:43","Are modern people mixed with Neanderthals? How many Neanderthals genes do Europeans, Asians and Africans each contain? This article understands the history of gene exchange and evolution between humans and Neanderthals.\n",{"id":98,"name":99,"keywords":4,"slug":100,"author":7,"ogImage":101,"isBlog":4,"createDate":102,"updateDate":103,"description":104},"f04ff6cc20b3488dacfcbe9207617d3a","The earliest modern humans outside Africa","earliest-modern-humans-outside-africa","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770276488308_720_1760335068948_Misliya.jpg","2026-02-26T23:51:57","2026-03-04T22:28:04","Where are the earliest modern fossils outside Africa and how many years ago? This article introduces key sites such as Kafze and Misria, and combs the real timeline of modern people coming out of Africa.\n",{"id":106,"name":107,"keywords":4,"slug":108,"author":7,"ogImage":109,"isBlog":4,"createDate":110,"updateDate":111,"description":112},"44683e95121b4f4c8bb80251e97882d6","The first human out of Africa","first-time-humans-left-africa","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770176027541_beijingren2.jpg","2026-02-25T17:38:15","2026-02-26T19:08:56","The ancient fossils unearthed from various places can prove that the expansion of the genus of Man began as early as 2 million years ago. At the latest, 1.8 million years ago, the first time that the man's subordinate, the erectus, came out of Africa. It can be said that this is one of the largest geological and historical events in the history of the earth.",{"id":114,"name":115,"keywords":4,"slug":116,"author":7,"ogImage":117,"isBlog":4,"createDate":118,"updateDate":119,"description":120},"c63210efa56b4a2cb684376254bdc611","The Birth of Mankind","human-origin","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770170182584_1760324824811_the-origin-of-our-species2.jpg","2026-02-25T00:25:33","2026-02-26T16:38:25","Human beings used to think that they were very \"advanced\" and different, a special existence created by \"gods\" according to their own image or preferences, but since the era when Darwin published the Origin of species, people's traditional cognition of the origin of life has been subverted. Now we know that the history of mankind is not long, only about 7 million years.",{"id":122,"name":123,"keywords":4,"slug":124,"author":7,"ogImage":125,"isBlog":4,"createDate":126,"updateDate":126,"description":127},"f7684aff24744766b9849f56b04617f2","Longshan Culture","longshan-culture","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1780474978266_longshan-culture8.jpg","2026-06-05T15:10:49","The Longshan Culture is one of the most important archaeological cultures of the Late Neolithic period in China, dating from approximately 4,500 to 4,000 years ago. This article systematically examines the origins and geographical distribution of the Longshan Culture, its black‑ware pottery techniques, social stratification, the emergence of proto‑writing, prehistoric urban sites, and its relationship with the Erlitou Culture of the Xia Dynasty, thereby illuminating a crucial phase in the formation of Chinese civilization.",{"id":129,"name":130,"keywords":4,"slug":131,"author":7,"ogImage":132,"isBlog":4,"createDate":133,"updateDate":133,"description":134},"a5e600c3d725475595abfd581b704176","Hongshan Culture","hongshan-culture","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1780389885606_hongshan-culture62.jpg","2026-06-02T20:46:01","Hongshan Culture is one of the most important late Neolithic archaeological cultures in northern China, renowned for the Niuheliang site, the Goddess Temple, the cairn tombs, and its exquisite jade artifacts. This article provides a systematic overview of the Hongshan Culture, covering its chronological framework, geographical distribution, agricultural practices, jade-crafting traditions, and its pivotal significance for research on the origins of Chinese civilization.",{"id":136,"name":137,"keywords":4,"slug":138,"author":7,"ogImage":139,"isBlog":4,"createDate":140,"updateDate":29,"description":141},"47281d4cfe6e440e97e2ca10729e61f6","Homo erectus","homo-eractus","https://image.big-history.online/tree_24.40/1770175824343_000124_1709605257579.jpg","2023-11-23T15:48:07","Homo erectus, which existed about 1.8 million to 200000 years ago, is a critical and successful species in the history of human evolution. Their body proportions are close to those of modern people. They can systematically use fire and make complex tools. They not only created the Acheri culture, but also made human beings walk out of Africa for the first time, which can be called a milestone in the evolution of the human genus.",1780647327600]